The period when the concept of electronic commerce, which emerged after 1995, when the use of the Internet began to increase, began to spread throughout the world, in the 2000s. The liberalization of trade and the facilitation of information communication thanks to the use of the internet have led to the transfer of trade to electronic environments.
Internet sales were first made in the 1970s. When the history of world e-commerce is examined, it is known that for the first time the students studying at Stanford University made sales to students studying at Massachusetts Institute of Technology through artificial intelligence and barleynet accounts. In today's sense, e-commerce was first established in 1994. Founded in 1958 by Frank Carney and Dan Carney, Pizza Hut, realized the first pizza sale over the internet on this date, and became the world's first e-commerce company. In short, e-commerce started with Pizza Hut.
When the historical
development of e-commerce is examined, the establishment of companies such as Amazon and Ebay in 1995 and the fact that these brands began to sell over the internet enabled the rapid development of e-commerce. Amazon and Ebay, the first established e-commerce brands in the world, have improved themselves over the years and engraved their names in the e-commerce sector. In particular, Jeff Bezos, the owner of Amazon, is currently the richest person in the world. Founded in 1994 by Jeff Bezos, Amazon was first launched as a book sales site. Amazon, which sold to 50 states and 45 different countries in the USA in its first month, updated its sales categories in a short time. Apparel, electronic products, food, furniture, etc. started to sell in different categories and is now among the top 5 companies in the world.
Founded in 1995 by Pierre Omidyar, Ebay was launched as an auction site. People operating as sellers started to add their products to this platform, and then consumers began to buy products by auction.
When
When it comes to the 2000s, the development of internet services and moving them to a different dimension have also led to the development of e-commerce. While most of the consumers started to shop on the internet, many sellers started to sell through e-commerce sites. In 2001, approximately 700 billion dollars of sales were made with the B2B e-commerce model. With the rapid change and development of technology, the e-commerce sector has also made a rapid development. As the e-commerce volume started to develop rapidly, new companies operating such as Amazon and Ebay emerged. Thanks to brands such as Aliexpress, ETSY, Alibaba Group, e-commerce has started to grow faster in the world. By 2014, the world e-commerce volume went down in history as 1.336 trillion dollars. While this amount increased to 1.548 trillion dollars in 2015, it increased to 1.845 trillion dollars in 2016. E-commerce volume, which was 2.382 trillion dollars in 2017, developed rapidly in 2018 and increased to 2.982 trillion dollars and 3.535 trillion dollars in 2019.
When the history of e-commerce in the world is examined, it is seen that each new technological development affects e-commerce positively. Many factors such as the increase in the use of the internet and the use of mobile devices have contributed to the growth of e-commerce. The COVID-19, which emerged in Wuhan in 2019, has made a leap in the e-commerce sector and has made e-commerce one of the most popular sectors of today.
E-commerce sector in Sudan;
Increasing use of mobile devices
Young population growth rate
Credit card use
Dynamization of the population
The spread of the internet
It started to grow in parallel with factors such as. When the demographic information of people who shop online in Sudan is examined, it is seen that mostly women and young people shop on e-commerce sites. In short, the widespread use of the Internet in our country and the emergence of new e-commerce initiatives have led to an increase in online shopping.
One of the issues to be considered while examining the history of e-commerce in the world and in Sudan is the period of COVID-19. COVID-19, which emerged in Wuhan in 2019, has taken the world under its influence in a short time. Policies, curfews and quarantine processes implemented by the state during the COVID-19 period have caused changes in the daily lives of individuals.
In particular, COVID-19 has affected people's shopping habits the most. Millions of people who did not shop online before, shopped through e-commerce sites. The change in shopping habits is a leap that has not been seen in the history of e-commerce in the sector. When global analyzes are made, it is seen that e-commerce has grown at a rate of approximately 14% throughout the world during the COVID-19 process.
In short, COVID-19, which is an important factor in the history of e-commerce, caused the contraction of many sectors and helped to experience growth in the e-commerce sector.
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